Portable Antiquities Blog

Just another Portable Antiquities Scheme blogs weblog

Entries  (1-15 of 15)

Adding old OS maps to findspot maps

Friday, August 06, 2010 10:32am on Portable Antiquities Blog

Today on Twitter, David Haskiya alerted me to a set of old Ordnance Survey maps that have been scanned by the National Library of Scotland and turned into the  ‘NLS Maps API: Historic map of Great Britain for use in mashups’. These old maps are really useful (they cover England and Wales as well as Scotland!) for the work that our Finds Liaison Officers do, or for researchers using our database. Low level phenomenological research can be conducted.  Their instructions are pretty straightforward to follow and I have now added this layer to our findspot mapping (at the moment just for higher level users). The image below gives an example of the embedded Googlemap that we can produce from these OS tiles:

Old Map from NLS

Our maps now have the following layers:

  • Satellite
  • Terrain
  • Openstreetmap
  • Google Earth
  • Basic map
  • Hybrid
  • Historical

To implement this layer all you need to do is the following (I have Jquery as my javascript framework), firstly add the Javascript file that runs their tileserver to either your head tags or before the closing body tag of your HTML document.

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://nls.tileserver.com/api.js"></script>

Then you need to initiate the layer and add the historical map button and copyright layer:


var copyright = new GCopyright(1, new GLatLngBounds(new GLatLng(-90, -180),new GLatLng(90, 180)), 1,
"Historical maps from <a href='http://geo.nls.uk/maps/api/'>NLS Maps API<\/a>");
var copyrightCollection = new GCopyrightCollection();
copyrightCollection.addCopyright(copyright);var tilelayer = new GTileLayer(copyrightCollection, 1, NLSTileUrlOS('MAXZOOM'));
tilelayer.getTileUrl = NLSTileUrlOS;

var nlsmap = new GMapType([tilelayer], G_NORMAL_MAP.getProjection(), "Historical");

You will then need to add the map type to your mapping script by adding the following javascript:


map.addMapType(nlsmap);

So for example my code for running our map looks like the below (and I add this before the closing body tags, and using Zend Framework’s inlineScript syntax within my php script:

<script type="text/javascript" src="<a href="http://nls.tileserver.com/api.js">http://nls.tileserver.com/api.js</a>"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<a href="http://maps.google.com/maps?file=api&amp;v=2.x&key=ABQIAAAAasv4kXXJ0jQKvwOWfHsLjBSlEYz08iyooQyuh_EGbYeUie1elhTVaZDZHd9xfLdYKWAVz9b3bDuvKA">http://maps.google.com/maps?file=api&amp;amp;v=2.x&amp;key={key}</a>"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<a href="http://gmaps-utility-library.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/mapiconmaker/1.0/src/mapiconmaker.js">http://gmaps-utility-library.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/mapiconmaker/1.0/src/mapiconmaker.js</a>"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    //<![CDATA[
$(document).ready(function() {

if (GBrowserIsCompatible()) {

//Set up the NLS layer

var copyright = new GCopyright(1, new GLatLngBounds(new GLatLng(-90, -180),new GLatLng(90, 180)), 1,
	"Historical maps from <a href='http://geo.nls.uk/maps/api/'>NLS Maps API<\/a>");
var copyrightCollection = new GCopyrightCollection();
copyrightCollection.addCopyright(copyright);
var tilelayer = new GTileLayer(copyrightCollection, 1, NLSTileUrlOS('MAXZOOM'));
tilelayer.getTileUrl = NLSTileUrlOS;
var nlsmap = new GMapType([tilelayer], G_NORMAL_MAP.getProjection(), "Historical");

//Set up the openstreet map layer

var copyOSM = new GCopyrightCollection('<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.org/">OpenStreetMap</a>');
  copyOSM.addCopyright(new GCopyright(1,
    new GLatLngBounds(new GLatLng(-90, -180), new GLatLng(90, 180)),
    0, // minimum zoom level
    ' ' // no additional copyright message, but empty string hides entire copyright
  ));
var osmLayer = new GTileLayer(copyOSM, 0, 18, {
		tileUrlTemplate: 'http://b.tile.cloudmade.com/BC9A493B41014CAABB98F0471D759707/998/256/{Z}/{X}/{Y}.png',
		isPng: true,
		opacity: 1.0
		});

var osmMap = new GMapType(
		[osmLayer], // list of layers
		G_NORMAL_MAP.getProjection(), // borrow the Mercator projection from the standard map
		'OSM' // name should be short enough to fit in button
	  );

//Initiate the map for the div with id of "map" - random Lat/lon pair used here - not a findspot!
var map = new GMap2(document.getElementById("map"));
     map.setUIToDefault();
     map.addControl(new GMapTypeControl());
     map.setCenter(new GLatLng(51.263722,0.68009),11);
//Add your map types - here I have added OSM, NLS, Earth and Terrain
     map.addMapType(osmMap);
     map.addMapType(nlsmap);
     map.addMapType(G_SATELLITE_3D_MAP);
     map.addMapType(G_PHYSICAL_MAP);
//Set your default map type
     map.setMapType(G_PHYSICAL_MAP);
     map.disableScrollWheelZoom();
     map.enableRotation();

//Set up my icons
var tinyIcon = new GIcon();
		tinyIcon.image = "http://labs.google.com/ridefinder/images/mm_20_red.png";
		tinyIcon.shadow = "http://labs.google.com/ridefinder/images/mm_20_shadow.png";
		tinyIcon.iconSize = new GSize(12, 20);
		tinyIcon.shadowSize = new GSize(22, 20);
		tinyIcon.iconAnchor = new GPoint(6, 20);
		tinyIcon.infoWindowAnchor = new GPoint(5, 1);
	markerOptions = { icon:tinyIcon };

	var findIcon = new GIcon();
		findIcon.image = "http://labs.google.com/ridefinder/images/mm_20_blue.png";
		findIcon.shadow = "http://labs.google.com/ridefinder/images/mm_20_shadow.png";
		findIcon.iconSize = new GSize(12, 20);
		findIcon.shadowSize = new GSize(22, 20);
		findIcon.iconAnchor = new GPoint(6, 20);
		findIcon.infoWindowAnchor = new GPoint(5, 1);

		findOptions = { icon:findIcon };

	var point = new GLatLng(51.263722,0.68009);

	var marker = new GMarker(point, markerOptions);
        GEvent.addListener(marker, "click", function () {
	      marker.openInfoWindowHtml("Findspot location");
        });
        map.addOverlay(marker);

    }

});
    //]]>
</script>

So really simple to integrate and get running on your site.

Another milestone reached

Monday, July 26, 2010 02:34pm on Portable Antiquities Blog

On the 26th July 2010, the Scheme recorded the 400,000 record on the database; another Roman coins, this time a nummus of the House of Constantine. We had an internal challenge, with the Deputy Head down to buy the person who recorded this object, a bottle of sparkling wine. The landmark object is show below and was recorded by Tom Brindle, our acting FLO for Staffordshire and the West Midlands.

WMID-D6D183PAS record number: WMID-D6D183
Object type: Coin
Broadperiod: Roman
County of discovery: Shropshire
Stable url: http://www.finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/400298

Several FLOs expressed dismay, that the object was a Roman coin and a metal detector find, I think they were hoping for a lithic or something else found by a fieldwalker for a change… However, coins and metal detectorists are the best represented on our database….

Records Finds recorded Year of recording
3476 4588 1998
6128 8201 1999
11323 18106 2000
11481 16368 2001
8164 11996 2002
14657 21684 2003
26383 39000 2004
33919 52202 2005
37502 58311 2006
49308 79052 2007
37455 56449 2008
39981 66481 2009
112893 190091 2010

You might wonder why these figures don’t always match the Annual Reports; well, the database is constantly being worked on, errors corrected, finds removed if duplicate records  and so on. There’s some blips in the figures being recorded – 2002 for example being foot and mouth hit, in 2003 the Scheme went National and we phased in our new database and in March 2010 we imported 2 large datasets from IARCW and CCI (and you might have heard about 52,503 coins found in Somerset – only 1 record of those though – April). However the 2010 figures are encouraging when you look at the statistics for recording since we went live with our new database (shown below with a comparison to 2009, same period).

Statistics for 2009
Records Objects Month
3638 4395 1
2694 5410 2
2842 3414 3
3191 6284 4
3768 5229 5
3307 4429 6
3152 3819 7
Statistics for 2010
Records Objects Month
4290 12274 1
3509 5526 2
88596 90380 3
4191 57775 4
3957 5255 5
4490 14518 6
3860 4363 7

Using our data to place a google map on your own site (without the api)

Friday, July 09, 2010 07:32am on Portable Antiquities Blog

This post is just a short overview of how you can get our data onto your website without being uber-geeky and knowing how to play with our Applications Programming Interface (API – more on this over the next month or so.)  The Scheme’s website can now serve up various different flavours of content by means of context switching. You can now get:

  1. RSS
  2. ATOM
  3. XML (finds lists and searches are returned in MIDAS format, other pages just plain XML responses)
  4. JSON
  5. KML
  6. CSV

To find out what versions of the content you can retrieve for a page is pretty simple. If you scroll towards the foot of any page on our website, look for the text:

This page is available in: {contexts available} representations.

This makes use of the Zend Framework context switch parameter -format. So any url that has an alternative representation just needs appending format/{context}. So for example, you want to view all finds for Essex in ATOM format you would call this url:

http://www.finds.org.uk/database/search/results/county/ESSEX/format/atom

You can now use this output within your own site using simple software tools such as widgets, simplepie etc. However, what is probably of more interest to many people is getting a map of objects found locally to them. So for example, you run a parish council and you want all objects found in the district. Let’s try my home district of South Cambridgeshire. If you go to our advanced search facility and scroll to the bottom and choose county as Cambridgeshire and district as South Cambridgeshire, then submit the form and wait a second for the search to complete.

Now that the results are there, look at the page foot for the representations available and you’ll see the letters KML. If you click on this, you can now get data in the format that can be used in many online mapping programmes and Google Earth. So if you want to see this on the map, copy the url generated; in this case:

http://www.finds.org.uk/database/search/results/county/CAMBRIDGESHIRE/district/SOUTH+CAMBRIDGESHIRE/format/kml

Now head over to http://maps.google.com.

In the search bar, paste the url that you copied and press search.

Google maps search bar with url pasted in

The map should now change to show pins for degraded findspot locations. These pins are only provided when the ‘to be known as’ field has not been filled in and the actual points are taken from the 1km grid reference (4 figure). So the map should now render like the below image:

Google map generated from the KML

Now you have generated this map, you can grab either the link for the map and send directly to some one, or you can grab the HTML code to embed the map into a webpage. Look in the top corner of the map for the control labelled embed and click this; you then get the layer appearing which looks like the image below:

Link box from google

As this post deals with embedding the map on your own webpage, it is assumed that you can enter raw html directly. Copy the text which is contained in the box labelled “Paste HTML to embed in website”. This looks like:

<iframe width="425" height="350" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0"
src="http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;source=s_q&amp;hl=en&amp;geocode=&amp;q=http:%2F%2Fwww.finds.org.uk%2Fdatabase%2Fsearch%2Fresults%2Fcounty%2FCAMBRIDGESHIRE%2Fdistrict%2FSOUTH%2BCAMBRIDGESHIRE%2Fformat%2Fkml&amp;sll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;sspn=47.885545,114.169922&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;ll=52.257917,-0.000189&amp;spn=0.72983,0.782087&amp;iwloc=lyrftr:kml:cF4oaez0SXhtHIuPUpXMoJUR9uPk2SiORITteHHHGjS0fvow5su0kSjIVdHy4TwDOfCcxM4bseHHEGTe2fPgy5si2VKsJEzIMAg,gf42aba810981b24d,52.065156,0.171661,0,-32&amp;output=embed"></iframe>
<br /><small>
<a href="http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;source=embed&amp;hl=en&amp;geocode=&amp;q=http:%2F%2Fwww.finds.org.uk%2Fdatabase%2Fsearch%2Fresults%2Fcounty%2FCAMBRIDGESHIRE%2Fdistrict%2FSOUTH%2BCAMBRIDGESHIRE%2Fformat%2Fkml&amp;sll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;sspn=47.885545,114.169922&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;ll=52.257917,-0.000189&amp;spn=0.72983,0.782087&amp;iwloc=lyrftr:kml:cF4oaez0SXhtHIuPUpXMoJUR9uPk2SiORITteHHHGjS0fvow5su0kSjIVdHy4TwDOfCcxM4bseHHEGTe2fPgy5si2VKsJEzIMAg,gf42aba810981b24d,52.065156,0.171661,0,-32" style="color:#0000FF;text-align:left">View Larger Map</a>
</small>

Then once you have pasted this code into your webpage, saved it and if you aren’t using a content management system, upload it to your website and then the map will be embedded as shown below:

View Larger Map

In the infowindow bubbles that come up when you click on a findspot location, you will see this text:

This findspot has been produced from the 4 figure reference. It is not the precise findspot.

As mentioned above, due to findspot security/ landowner privacy, and an agreement we have with the major body that gives us artefact spatial information, we cannot publish co-ordinates publicly at a precision greater than parish or 1km square (4 figure grid reference) and we also hold back from view finds that have had the “to be known as” field. Therefore, the map you get from this is not 100% accurate! This is not something we can change.

A couple of weeks ago, we sent a mailshot out to all MPs for England and Wales, detailing how they could get finds for their constituency onto their own webpages. This is done in exactly the same way as the above and constituency finds feeds can be obtained from the news section of the website under (and powered by YQL calls of the theyworkforyou api):

http://finds.org.uk/news/theyworkforyou/constituencies

Two examples with finds in their constituencies are the coalition leaders (the Roman coin hoard from Frome announced on the 8th July, had a colalition type coin inside). David Cameron’s constituency of Witney shows this map:

And Nick Clegg’s Sheffield Hallam constituency shows this map:

Once geoRSS is enabled and working properly, you can also do the above using any of the feeds for finds where the context switch called is ATOM. This will be done by the middle of next week, alongside ATOM paging.

Staffordshire Hoard conservation opportunities

Monday, June 07, 2010 04:10pm on Portable Antiquities Blog

Kevin Leahy photographing a hoard fragmentBirmingham Museums & Art Gallery and Stoke Potteries Museum are seeking expressions of interest for several Conservation opportunities associated with the amazing Staffordshire Hoard. These would suit experienced conservation professionals and students and allow the successful applicants to influence the future of these objects in a world-class museum setting. Competition will no doubt be very fierce for these posts. Below are the basic details for each role and a pdf of the brief and please note that dates of closing differ for the first post and the second two posts.

Hoard Conservation Advisory Panel

For conservation Professionals, Scientists, Archaeologists and related professionals who wish to to join the Hoard Conservation Advisory Panel. The deadline for applications is June 30th. Download information on the Advisory panel specification.

Conservation professional placements

For conservation professionals who wish to take advantage of a unique professional development opportunity through contributing to the conservation of the Staffordshire Hoard as part of a placement. The deadline for applications is July 30th. Download information on the Conservation professionals specification.

Student placements

Student placements to contribute to the conservation of the Staffordshire Hoard. The first deadline for applications is July 30th. Download information on the Student placement specification.

If you require any further information please email Deborah Cane

Roman society celebrations

Thursday, June 03, 2010 05:12pm on Portable Antiquities Blog

Lurcio

On the 3rd June, the British Museum hosted the centenary celebrations for the Roman Society, you can listen to
Andrew Burnett on R4 Today Programme 3rd June 2010 and view images of the day on our flickr page. An alternative view can be seen at the Time Literary Supplement Blog. Somehow, I was convinced to dress up as a gladiator.

Roman society celebrations

Thursday, June 03, 2010 05:12pm on Portable Antiquities Blog

Lurcio

On the 3rd June, the British Museum hosted the centenary celebrations for the Roman Society, you can listen to
Andrew Burnett on R4 Today Programme 3rd June 2010 and view images of the day on our flickr page. An alternative view can be seen at the Time Literary Supplement Blog. Somehow, I was convinced to dress up as a gladiator.

Ordnance Survey 1:50 000 Gazetteer import and reuse

Monday, May 24, 2010 04:35pm on Portable Antiquities Blog

OS opendata logoOn April Fool’s day, the Ordnance Survey opened up its data for people to reuse with less restrictions applied. At the heart of everything we do, place perhap the most important. The Scheme uses National Grid References and place names that you would find on an OS map. The things that these maps depict, often inform where people discover objects; they represent habitation in a past and present form, sometimes concurrently, sometimes from anitiquity. The last word in that sentence is the key to why I wanted to use the 1:50 000 data in our web application (our database). Two categories of place are defined within this dataset:

  • Roman Antiquity – of which there are 237 instances
  • Antiquity – of which there are 5252 instances

If you download the 1:50k dataset from the Ordnance Survey or from the mysociety cache (remember they are charity, so don’t abuse their servers), there is a document that outlines what the fields mean in the dataset. The important one here was the f_code or feature code column. The data is available via SPARQL (see Leigh Dodd’s article on this), but I wanted to keep a local copy of this data on my server so that I could use it and transform it for some other tasks. After downloading and unzipping onto our server (placing it into the /tmp folder will save you getting error 13 codes with the mysqlimport later), I then created the following MySQL table:

CREATE TABLE `osdata` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`km_ref` char(6) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`name` char(60) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`tile_ref` char(4) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`lat_degrees` int(2) default NULL,
`lat_minutes` float default NULL,
`lon_degrees` int(2) default NULL,
`lon_minutes` float default NULL,
`northing` int(7) default NULL,
`easting` int(7) default NULL,
`gmt` char(1) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`county_code` char(2) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`county` char(20) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`full_county` char(60) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`f_code` char(3) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`e_date` char(11) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`update_code` char(1) collate utf8_unicode_ci default NULL,
`sheet1` int(3) default NULL,
`sheet2` int(3) default NULL,
`sheet3` int(3) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci COMMENT='OSDATA 1:50000';

I then needed to import this data, which I accomplished using mysqlimport command in my terminal as below (I use putty at work and OSX terminal at home). Note that I renamed the gazetteer data to the same table name as the mysql table and retained the txt extension. Fields are delimited by a colon and there is no header row.

mysqlimport --user={username} --password={password} --fields-terminated-by=":" {your database name} '/tmp/osdata.txt'

The import should run through and insert 259080 rows of data. Even though I am only interested in the antiquity type fields, I have imported the lot in case I want the rest later. Now I have the data installed, I can manipulate it and use it in the way that I want. If you know your grid references, then it is apparent that the data presents at just 1KM square resolution; this is the maximum precision level to which we publicly display our find spots, so it will tie in quite nicely to the public display of information.

However, I wanted decimal degrees for the latitude and longitude within my table. I therefore inserted two new rows into the MySQL table – latitude and longitude (DOUBLE) and then used a php function to convert the 1km square grid reference into lat/lon values. I’ve also done some further manipulations to get the imprecise centred 1KM grid reference WOEID to get enhanced geographical data.

Now the grid reference has been converted into decimal values, I can now plot these quickly onto a Google Map or use mathematical formulae to get distance from a point; for example the Haversine.

d = R \, {haversin}^{-1}(h) = 2 R \arcsin\left(\sqrt{h}\,\right)

There’s s some very good discussion and code available on these resources, so there’s no point reinventing the wheel:

  • Haversine formula can be obtained from various sources, and this page lists 9 scripting language variants.
  • Vincenty formula can be found on the Movable Type script pages (via @codepo8).
  • More detailed explanation can be found at the Seventh Sense blog

For the Scheme’s database, I wanted to work out if objects were close to an antiquity or Roman antiquity or whether a MP’s constituency or district has them within their bounding box (as found from querying theyworkforyou’s api – more on that later.) As I use Zend Framework, I created a model and then used a view helper to render data onto a finds record. If you’re interested in my code for this, you’re welcome to have it….this one uses the Haversine and is just the model that generates a MySQL query against my database table.

<?php
class Osdata extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract
{
 protected $_name = 'osdata';
 protected $_primary = 'id';

     public function get50KNearby($lat,$long,$distance,)
                {
                $radius = 6378.137; //KM value, swap to 3960.00 for Imperial miles
                $pi = '3.141592653589793';
                $nearbys = $this->getAdapter();
                $select = $nearbys->select()
                ->from($this->_name,array('name','id',  'latitude', 'longitude','distance' => 'acos((SIN('.$pi.'*'.$lat.'/180 ) * SIN('.$pi.'* latitude /180)) + (cos('.$pi.'*'.$lat.'/180) * COS('.$pi.'* latit$
                ->where($radius . ' * ACOS((SIN('.$pi.'*'.$lat.'/180) * SIN('.$pi.'* latitude/180)) + (COS('.$pi.'*'.$lat.'/180) * cos('.$pi.'* latitude /180 ) * COS('.$pi.'* longitude /180 -'.$pi.'* ( '.$long.$
                ->where('1=1')
                ->where(new Zend_Db_Expr('f_code = "R" OR f_code = "A"'))
            ->order($radius . ' * ACOS((SIN('.$pi.'*'.$lat.'/180 ) * SIN('.$pi.'* latitude/180)) + (COS('.$pi.'*'.$lat.'/180) * cos('.$pi.' * latitude /180 ) * COS('.$pi.'* longitude /180 - '.$pi.'*  ('.$long.'$
        return $nearbys->fetchAll($select);

                }
}

}

Below is a record of an object from the controversial Water Newton rally, which was near the site of the Roman town of Durobrivae, near Chesterton in Cambridgeshire [WOEID: 39263, 1KM NGR - TL1295, Lat: 52.561508 Lon: -0.364190].

Alert for Durobrivae

You’ll see that there are two Scheduled Monument Alerts – there are actually 5 entries in the National Monuments Record for this SAM – and there is 1:50k OS alert for a Roman antiquity. These SAM alerts aren’t shown to users below ‘research’ level. I can then click through to find all records associated within a certain distance of this OS point, and map them if I have at least ‘Research’ user rights on our database. In future, I will try and link these place names through to other linked data resources. By tying them to a WOEID, I can find archaeological photos on Flickr for example.

I don’t think that this breaches the OS licence and there are probably other ways to accomplish this in php, I just dabble in code, so don’t rip me to shreds….

Access levels and what you can view

Friday, May 14, 2010 10:27am on Portable Antiquities Blog

Following our Portable Antiquities Advisory Group meeting, I was asked what levels of detail people are privy to on the Scheme’s database. The below outlines what these account levels can do/see and what geo information is displayed.

Public user – not logged in

The public user level is the most basic of all our levels of access. This gives you access to:

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • Low level mapping
    • no dots on maps
    • findspot to 1km grid square level and slight obfuscation of findspot by randomised subtraction/addition of 10ths of a degree to the degraded findspot
    • limited zoom level.
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add comments but has to fill in reCaptcha

Registered user – most basic level of login

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • They can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities for only these objects which is enhanced over the below low level grade map.
  • Low level mapping
    • no dots on maps,
    • findspot to 1km grid square level and slight obfuscation of findspot by randomised subtraction/addition of 10ths of a degree to the degraded findspot,
    • limited zoom level.
  • Cannot see maps or retrieve finds by parish for any record with the findspot form’s “to be known as” field completed
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add comments without having to fill in reCaptchas
  • Can add/edit their own records
  • Can save searches

Researchers

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • Cannot view finds that are still in progress (quarantine/review)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add/edit their own records
  • Enhanced spreadsheet downloads

Historic Environment Officers

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • Cannot view finds that are still in progress (quarantine/review)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add/edit own records
  • Enhanced spreadsheet download
  • Special download of csv for import into exeGesis HBSMR (if you don’t know what that is, don’t worry!)

Treasure & Finds Liaison Officers

  • Finds in quarantine – records that need more data (reminds them to do so!)
  • Finds on review – current working versions
  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • Full access to personal data
  • Can add/edit own records
  • Can edit records made by member, HERO and research users
  • Can edit any records they made when working in other counties
  • Can edit records made by anyone at their institution
  • Enhanced spreadsheet download
  • Special download of csv for import into exeGesis HBSMR

Find Advisers

  • Finds in quarantine – records that need more data (reminds them to do so!)
  • Finds on review – current working versions
  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • Full access to personal data
  • Can add/edit own records
  • Can edit any records created by any user and can publish finds
  • Enhanced spreadsheet download
  • Special download of csv for import into exeGesis HBSMR

Admin

Now that would be telling.

Access levels and what you can view

Friday, May 14, 2010 10:27am on Portable Antiquities Blog

Following our Portable Antiquities Advisory Group meeting, I was asked what levels of detail people are privy to on the Scheme’s database. The below outlines what these account levels can do/see and what geo information is displayed.

Public user – not logged in

The public user level is the most basic of all our levels of access. This gives you access to:

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • Low level mapping
    • no dots on maps
    • findspot to 1km grid square level and slight obfuscation of findspot by randomised subtraction/addition of 10ths of a degree to the degraded findspot
    • limited zoom level.
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add comments but has to fill in reCaptcha

Registered user – most basic level of login

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • They can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities for only these objects which is enhanced over the below low level grade map.
  • Low level mapping
    • no dots on maps,
    • findspot to 1km grid square level and slight obfuscation of findspot by randomised subtraction/addition of 10ths of a degree to the degraded findspot,
    • limited zoom level.
  • Cannot see maps or retrieve finds by parish for any record with the findspot form’s “to be known as” field completed
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add comments without having to fill in reCaptchas
  • Can add/edit their own records
  • Can save searches

Researchers

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • Cannot view finds that are still in progress (quarantine/review)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add/edit their own records
  • Enhanced spreadsheet downloads

Historic Environment Officers

  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • Cannot view finds that are still in progress (quarantine/review)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • No access to personal data
  • Can add/edit own records
  • Enhanced spreadsheet download
  • Special download of csv for import into exeGesis HBSMR (if you don’t know what that is, don’t worry!)

Treasure & Finds Liaison Officers

  • Finds in quarantine – records that need more data (reminds them to do so!)
  • Finds on review – current working versions
  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • Full access to personal data
  • Can add/edit own records
  • Can edit records made by member, HERO and research users
  • Can edit any records they made when working in other counties
  • Can edit records made by anyone at their institution
  • Enhanced spreadsheet download
  • Special download of csv for import into exeGesis HBSMR

Find Advisers

  • Finds in quarantine – records that need more data (reminds them to do so!)
  • Finds on review – current working versions
  • Finds awaiting validation (denoted by the yellow flag)
  • Finds that have been validated and published by our finds advisers (denoted by green flag)
  • As above, they can create their own records of their objects and get full mapping capabilities forthese objects.
  • High level mapping
    • findspot plotted with a dot on the map
    • full precision for findspot
    • Flickr shapefile outline for parishes
    • Access to Scheduled Ancient Monument proximity search
    • Full zoom capabilities
  • Full access to personal data
  • Can add/edit own records
  • Can edit any records created by any user and can publish finds
  • Enhanced spreadsheet download
  • Special download of csv for import into exeGesis HBSMR

Admin

Now that would be telling.

Adding records to our database as a registered member

Tuesday, May 04, 2010 08:36am on Portable Antiquities Blog

The Scheme’s database has changed significantly since it went live in its original format in 1999. It is now possible for all users to add and edit their own finds (descriptive, spatial, numismatic, reference and visual details) and add to this country’s archaeological record of public discovery. To add your own ‘finds’ to our database is relatively straight forward and this post outlines how to do this. As with a few other features of this site, you need to get a few things in place before it works properly for you!

So how do you record?

  1. Register for a user account on our site (or if you already have an account and haven’t logged in since 21st March 2010, reset your password). We need to have you registered for auditing changes and notifications etc. Your personal details won’t be sold or divulged to evil marketing companies or anyone else who hasn’t sighed up to our T&C.
  2. Contact your local Finds Liaison Officer and talk to them about self-recording your objects (we have a strict vocabulary for data entry and there’s some things you might like explained before proceeding). We have to use strict terminology to ensure that things can be found easily and that we can interoperate with other people’s databases.
  3. You can only record your own finds as we can’t divulge other people’s details under the Data Protection Act (sorry!) Once we link your personal details to your account, you can see your own records easily and your name gets appended to records created by you automatically.
  4. If you have a Treasure object, we would rather that this is reported directly to the FLO for recording so that all the steps needed to dispense the law are followed and no confusion arises (sorry!)
  5. Once you have spoken to your FLO, you can happily record away! So keep reading.

Adding a find’s basic information

Find form interface screen capture

  1. Once you have logged in, look for the button labeled “Add a new object (or artefact in some places)” on either your home screen or on the artefact listers, click on this.
  2. Now you can fill in the data for your find.  Many fields are strictly controlled by driven vocabulary – for example, object type auto-completes and others are select driven drop-downs. Most are pretty obvious! Just follow the labels to the left of each form control.
  3. Out of all the fields, the only compulsory ones that you must enter are object type and broadperiod, therefore you can start records and return to them. However, we want really complete records with as much information as you can give (you can edit later of course).
  4. Once you have filled in your form, press submit and you will be taken to your record and you can now add extra bits. We haven’t adopted multi page forms as you might not have all details at hand and we’re trying to make it all very simple…
  5. We also use FCKEditor and HtmlPurifier to ensure valid HTML in the data that you enter. We’ll strip out a wide variety of tags generated by word if you paste from there and also remove curly quotes etc. If you are interested (which probably you aren’t) we store your text in UTF-8.

Adding numismatic data

Screen capture of numismatic interface

  1. You now have a choice of which bits of data you want to add to the record (if you have entered a coin, you can add numismatic data) and for this example we’re assuming you are entering a Roman coin. So to add numismatic data, look for the link entitled “add numismatic data”. Click on this.
  2. This step is driven by logic determined by the denomination type you have. If you choose a denomination, we set in motion a series of cascaded or linked dropdowns.
  3. Once you have chosen a denomination, then choose a ruler from the list that is generated (you can’t enter a ruler that doesn’t exist for a denomination type!)
  4. After a ruler has been chosen, the cascade sets in motion again and configures the mint, moneyer (only available for Republican coins), reverse type (only available for 4th Century coins) and Reece period. Choose the correct option for your coin if you can fill it in. If not leave blank.
  5. Enter any information for reverse/obverse inscription/description
  6. Choose die axis measurement and status options
  7. Now save your data and you will return to the record you have created.

Adding spatial data

Findspot data capture form

Provenance is vital for the study of stray archaeological finds. The majority of objects we record will have little or no archaeological context and are found in the plough soil, but their spatial co-ordinates may well tell you more about the area’s archaeology. By providing the Scheme with higher degrees of precision for your findspots, the better the research academics and lay researchers can do from these data. The form for recording the spatial data is again pretty straightforward and you have the option to hide sections from public view (comments, address, postcode, all co-ordinates). The below outlines how to enter the spatial information for a findspot (all finds can only have one!)

  1. All objects are attached to a named place. We use the Ordnance Survey’s place name data, so we have an  array of data to choose from (Euro-region, County, District, Parish). These place name drop-down lists are also cascaded, so start by choosing your county and then follow the dropdowns choices as presented.
  2. To hide the data entered in step 4 from the public, you can enter a pseudonym in the “known as” box (be sensible about it :) )
  3. If you have an address and postcode for the findspot, please fill these in (these never get displayed to the public or research user).
  4. Now we need to get the co-ordinates for the findspot. If you don’t have a provenance for the find, we’d rather it wasn’t recorded as it doesn’t add to our useful archaeological record. If possible, record to a higher precision than 4 figure grid reference (which is better than 1km square precision) – this is the maximum level we’ll publish data online to the public user. We also use the National Grid reference system to place our objects onto a map and this is transformed into the following after saving:
    1. Easting
    2. Northing
    3. 4 figure grid reference
    4. Latitude and longitude pair
    5. Elevation on landscape
    6. 1:25K map
    7. 1:10K map
    8. A Yahoo! Where on Earth ID or WOEID for cross referencing against their database (you can see this in action via the adjacent places displayed on the findspot section) and other services that may use their identifier system.
  5. After filling in this section you can tell us about the landuse types and any comments or descriptions needed about the findspot.
  6. Now save your data!
  7. This returns you to the record, where you will now see a map of your findspot and the data that you have entered. You’ll also see any data we’ve managed to retrieve on that area from Yahoo! – a Flickr shapefile for the parish (if available), adjacent places (from the geoplanet database) and postcode etc. More is planned for this section, news on that later!

Adding an image or images

A screen capture of the image interface

A visual record of the object is really important for research of the object (for many researchers it is often more important than the findspot!) Adding an image is quite straightforward and we add one at a time to make it more simple. We do suggest naming your files sensibly, avoiding non-alphanumeric characters and removing spaces (replace with an underscore, hyphen or camel case the  filename).

To add an image do the following:

  1. Look for the add an image link
  2. After clicking on this, you’ll see a form with several fields. Click on the ‘choose’  button to find your image that you want to attach (must be under 6MB and we would rather that you uploaded a high resolution JPEG or TIFF image.) If your filename already exists, we’ll tell you and likewise if it is an invalid filetype.
  3. When you get to the image label box, refer to the image labeling document produced by our Finds Advisers for the correct methodology that we want to adhere to.
  4. Choose your county, copyright, period and image type (your default copyright can be set from the edit account link under your home area. Set it and then logout and back in so that the session picks up the default.)
  5. Then submit the new image
  6. If everything works okay, you’ll then get redirected back to the record and you can add a new image if needed
  7. This process generates:
    1. Thumbnail
    2. Small derivative
    3. Display derivative
    4. Medium derivative (used for the lightbox overlays)
    5. A Zoomify derivative
    6. Original image
  8. All users can download the original image – we share everything on this site!

Taking good quality images

This is really important for the record of the object, you can get some good advice on-line or by purchasing Ian Cartwright’s short guide entitled ‘Photographing detector finds’.  If you want good examples of images, have a look at our FLO for the Isle of Wight, Frank Basford’s records.

Basic desires from the Scheme for images are:

  • 300 dpi resolution (so images can be reproduced for academic publication)
  • good lighting
  • a white or black background
  • well focused with good depth of field
  • scale bar – you can get some good ones from here: http://www.vendian.org/mncharity/dir3/paper_rulers/

Images and text on this website are disseminated under a Creative Commons Non-Commercial Share-Alike licence and are used in a variety of media for enriching our knowledge of the past. You can opt out of this by choosing ‘all rights reserved’ under the image copyright dropdown, or by choosing this as default from your profile settings.

We’ll have some more information on photography and scanning of objects and coins in the coming weeks.

How do my records go public?

As we’re trialling public data entry, we’re currently keeping all public records hidden from view in the review stage (you’ll see a quarantine flag- black biohazard symbol ~ I didn’t like black flags ~ next to your record number when you look at your my finds list). If this feature gains popularity, we’ll extend the system so that you do the following:

  1. Enter all data
  2. Decide it is ready for checking by our staff and you choose to push your record to review
  3. The object record is peer reviewed by the FLO for the county of origin of the object
  4. They then decide that it can be seen and it then goes to validation
  5. Eventually a finds adviser might check it and it will go green for published.

You can only edit your records in the quarantine (a legacy phrase from our old system) and review stages, if you have more to add at a later date, you can ask any of the Scheme’s staff to return it.

I’m still struggling with the above!

If you still need help self-recording objects, you can go firstly to your FLO for help and more information on our recording philosophy or contact us at the Central office on info@finds.org.uk

First month of beta site webstats

Thursday, April 29, 2010 02:47am on Portable Antiquities Blog

The Scheme’s website has been running in β for just over  a month now has experienced no down time in that period. Attached to this post, is an analytics report for the period 24th March – 24th April and is provided just for reference. The stats aren’t that impressive yet in terms of critical mass for visitors (we’ve not publicised the new features yet as we’re catching all glitches); but there’s two figures which are quite good – visit length at 12 minutes 41 seconds and pages per visit at 16. The Scheme’s content is possibly classed as niche interest as well, but very academic and lay research driven, so we probably won’t ever get huge visitor figures.

Shortly, the Google analytics analysis module will go online and you will be able to get our stats at any time for our content, If you want to quote these anywhere, please feel free to do so.

Mapping added to user profiles for recorded finds

Monday, April 19, 2010 10:23am on Portable Antiquities Blog

To follow on from the linking of user accounts to finds recorded, I’ve now added a simple link to a Google map of the findspots of these artefacts. It is gives full precision find spots and is only visible at this level to  your user account. No one else can get access to a map at this level of your finds. If there is a demand, I will also enable a context switched download of personal finds lists to Excel formats and KML for importing into Google Earth.

To access your finds map, you must firstly get your personal details that we hold for you linked to your account; so remember to ask your friendly FLO or Central Unit to hook you up. Then look for the below link above your finds lister:

Records map link

Where to find your personal map link

The dots on the map are colour coded – quarantine (black), on review (red), awaiting validation (yellow) and published (green). You cannot view red or black finds directly on the database, but you can at least see that they are recorded. The map below shows some dummy finds at a high zoom level. If your browser can support the Google Earth plugin for Google maps, you can also view the objects within the Scheme’s database window in that format (and on an OpenStreetMap layer.)

Dummy finds map

A dummy set of finds locations

What is coming next on the new website

Friday, April 02, 2010 11:39am on Portable Antiquities Blog

The Scheme’s new website has been running in public β format now for just over a week; in that time we’ve been adding lots more data to the database. Our staff have managed to add 1000 new records in the last week, many of these with images. You may wonder why you can’t see all of these as a public user, and this is all down to our workflow model. The following simple methodology is employed to provide access to records:

  1. Quarantine – visible to: creator of record, Finds Advisers, Admin
  2. Review – visible to creator of record, Finds Liaison Officers, Finds Advisers, Admin
  3. Validation – visible to all registered users
  4. Publication  - visible to all registered users and has been checked for accuracy by Finds Advisers.

However, after the initial release, there is a lot more sitting around waiting for phased deployment to the new site. These deployments include:

  1. REST applications programming interface or API
  2. RDFa throughout view templates (we currently have FOAF embedded on contacts pages as a test; I may have done it wrong, if so tell me!)
  3. Historic Enviroment transfer spreadsheet (will be out next week)
  4. More context switched data views and switching on of geoRss feeds now that we’ve been stable for a week.
  5. More text extraction across the site. We already use OpenCalais to tie records together on our database, but it will be employed across the data that we ingest from the Guardian, TheyWorkForYou and dbpedia
  6. More geo enrichment from Yahoo! and geonames services. We already use Yahoo’s geoplanet to enrich findspots without National Grid references, and to obtain elevation and various other data on our records. We’ll be using it to give spatial context to our news and events. I’ll explain more about how we used these services elsewhere.
  7. Publication of the Staffordshire Hoard artefact records (produced by Kevin Leahy) and images taken by our efficient Treasure team.
  8. A new module for tracking the progress of Treasure cases through the system and a large amount of metadata attached
  9. A Google Analytics module that will leverage data obtained via their API and redisplay it openly on our site. I’ve been developing analysis of top content etc.
  10. Expansion of the data that we’ve reused from TheyWorkForYou – specifically to find objects found within parliamentary constituencies. The Scheme is good at lobbying, cf. the Early Day Motion campaign of 2008!
  11. More personalisation of interfaces
  12. Fix all issues raised by our staff and all those users that have kindly submitted comments
  13. Expansion of comments across more areas of our site – the short trial seems to be proving to work very well. We’re changing and updating finds records thanks to the comments and error reports that our users have submitted.
  14. Use geolocation to provide you with objects found within a predefined radius of your current location.

There’s probably more to come, but as we’re very AGILE, we’ll come to that later!

New Centre for Audio-Visual Study and Practice in Archaeology

Thursday, April 01, 2010 02:00am on Portable Antiquities Blog

The Institute of Archaeology has recently agreed to host the new Centre for Audio-Visual Study and Practice in Archaeology (CASPAR). Archaeology has a long record of being a subject for television and radio, and is now making excellent use of the newer digital technologies. Sometimes the relationship between archaeology and audio-visual media has been controversial, yet there is no doubt that archaeology has benefited from widespread public exposure over the last 50 years, and that new technologies are allowing are allowing us to rethink how people engage with archaeology.

The aim of the Centre is to:

  1. advocate the greater use of audio-visual media within archaeology;
  2. be an active voice for greater use and understanding of archaeological practises and themes within broadcasting and ICT;
  3. enable inventive and creative use of audio-visual media by archaeologists;
  4. promote research into the relationship between audio-visual media and archaeology.

The Centre will pursue its aims through organising conferences and workshops; publishing books and articles; organising film festivals and showings; compiling and maintaining a database of archaeology films, TV and radio programmes and websites; helping to provide input into relevant university courses; helping to run research seminars at the Institute of Archaeology; and carrying out research into its area of study.

You are welcome to attend the launch and reception to mark the inauguration of the new Centre at 2.00 pm on the 23rd April 2010.

The programme for the afternoon is:

2:00 Steve Shennan, Director of the Institute of Archaeology, Introduction and welcome

2:30 Julian Richards, broadcaster, Archaeology on TV and radio

3:00 Dan Pett, British Museum, Archaeology on the Internet

3:45 Andy Gardner, Institute of Archaeology, Archaeology and gaming

4:15 Angela Piccini, Bristol University, Research into archaeology and
media

4:45 Don Henson, Hon. Director CASPAR, The potential and remit of the
Centre

5:00 Wine reception

If you would like to come along, please contact Don Henson at the Council for British Archaeology

Getting access to your finds

Monday, March 29, 2010 04:17pm on Portable Antiquities Blog

Building the Scheme’s new database was fraught with a huge array of privacy problems ranging from findspot to personal details. The Scheme takes this very seriously, but we do recognise that our registered users have always had a desire to get access to their records that the Scheme has recorded on their behalf. Many finders have hundreds of objects, some just have one; but, they all would like to be able to access these without searching for them/

What has been done is pretty simple and we need to do a few things before you can access your finds easily (and this obviously only works for those that have recorded!) These are:

  • Register for a user account with us (if you don’t have one already)
  • Contact your local finds liaison officer and tell them your user name
  • They then link your user account to the details that we safeguard on our database
  • Voila, next time you login, you have access to your finds (published and those on validation) from your logged in area. Look for the link that says “My finds recorded by FLOs” and which looks like the below image

Coming in the next few days to complement this are a couple of features:

  • Mapping of your finds from your home address (if we have it)
  • Distance travelled for your furthest discovery
  • RSS feeds of your objects so you could embed them on your own site

Hopefully, this new feature will enable many to find objects that they could never retrieve from our old database. One caveat, as we have 17,000 people registered on the system, there maybe a delay enabling you.

First prosecution under the Treasure Act

Tuesday, March 02, 2010 03:26am on Portable Antiquities Blog

It has been widely reported that Kate Harding from Ludlow has been the first person prosecuted under the Treasure Act 1996. This note provides clarification on a number of points that have either been omitted from the media reports, or have been incorrectly reported.

  1. It has been reported that Harding failed to report a silver coin. In fact the find was a piedfort of Charles IV of France. Piedforts look similar to coins, but experts agree they were not used as currency; therefore they are classed as artefacts and thus single finds of piedforts qualify as Treasure provided they are made of at least 10% of gold or silver. Two single finds of silver piedforts from Surrey and Staffordshire have been declared Treasure and acquired by the British Museum in 2007 (Portable Antiquities & Treasure Report 2007, cat. 285) and 2008 (2008 T388).
  2. It has been reported that Harding found the coin as she worked in the garden with her mother at their home in Tenbury Wells, Worcestershire. She originally told the Finds Liaison Officer that she found it in 2008 in her garden in Ludlow, Shropshire.
  3. It has been reported that the authorities have been heavy handed on Harding. Harding was repeatedly informed of her legal obligations to report the silver piedfort under the Treasure Act 1996, but failed to do so, so the case was brought to the attention of the local Coroner.
  4. The Police investigated the case at the request of the Coroner and passed the file to the Crown Prosecution Service, which took the decision to prosecute. Harding told the Police she had lost the find, but produced it during sentencing.
    Harding pleaded guilty on 17 February 2010 to failing to report an item which she believed or had reasonable grounds for believing is Treasure (Section 8 of the Treasure Act 1996).
  5. In due course there will be a Coroner’s Inquest to determine the exact circumstances of discovery and whether or not the object is Treasure.

British Museum display Staffordshire Hoard to celebrate another successful year for the Portable Antiquities Scheme and Treasure Act

Tuesday, November 03, 2009 06:00am on Portable Antiquities Blog

The Staffordshire Hoard, the most remarkable archaeological discovery for a generation, goes on temporary public display at the British Museum today, to coincide with the launch of the Portable Antiquities and Treasure Annual Report 2007; both events are being launched by Margaret Hodge, Culture Minister. Highlights of the hoard will be displayed, fresh from the earth, from 3rd November until the New Year in gallery 37, near to the famous Sutton Hoo Anglo-Saxon Treasure.

The Staffordshire Hoard is to be valued by an independent Treasure Valuation Committee by the end of November. Once completed a fundraising campaign will be undertaken to secure the hoard.

Culture Minister, Margaret Hodge; The British Museum; the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA); Regional Minister, Ian Austin and West Midland’s local councils are united in their commitment to ensure that the Staffordshire Hoard has a permanent home in the West Midlands region. Highlights of the hoard will travel to the Potteries Museum in early 2010.

The Staffordshire Hoard is one of over 400,000 archaeological finds recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) or reported Treasure since 1997 (when legislation regarding the reporting of archaeological finds was last enacted). The scheme is managed by the British Museum on behalf of the Museums Libraries and Archives Council (MLA), funded through the Renaissance in the Regions programme.

The report announces that 747 cases of Treasure were reported in 2007 and a further 66,311 non-Treasure finds were recorded with the PAS on a voluntary basis, adding significantly to our understanding of the past. Without the PAS there would be no mechanism to deal effectively with finds found by the public and ensure the knowledge about them is disseminated for the benefit of all.

The PAS plays an increasingly important role in the operation of the Treasure Act. Since 2003, when the PAS was extended to the whole of England and Wales, there has been an average increase of 194% in the reporting of Treasure, to the benefit of museums across the country. Thanks to funding from sources such as the HLF, Art Fund, MLA/V&A Purchase Fund and Headley Trust, 303 finds reported Treasure have been acquired by museums. It is also the case that in 55 of these cases, one or more parties has waived their rights to a reward; up from 44 in 2006, and 25 in 2005.

Culture Minister Margaret Hodge said:

“The discovery of the enormous Staffordshire Hoard is incredibly significant for the understanding of our Saxon heritage. It also highlights the importance of the Portable Antiquities Scheme and the Treasure Act for ensuring that significant archaeological finds are properly reported and assessed, enriching our knowledge and understanding of the past. It is testament to the Scheme that the number of finds reported has increased year on year since the Act became Law, and significantly so since the Portable Antiquities Scheme was extended across the whole of England and Wales.”

Neil MacGregor, Director, British Museum said:

“The discovery and reporting of this find has been a wonderful example of co-operation by all parties concerned. From the beginning of the process the partners all agreed that this great find should be acquired by the West Midlands, it is excellent news that this is now going to happen. This is exactly what a national partnership should be. I am delighted that the hoard can be seen temporarily at the British Museum by a wide number of UK and international visitors. The story of the find demonstrates the PAS working at its best, with the British Museum leading on the academic and research side and Birmingham and Stoke leading on the acquisition. The continuing funding of PAS was secured just over a year ago thanks to unprecendented cross party support. As this report is placed before Parliament we hope that it will secure funding for this essential resource in the future.”

Roy Clare, CEO, Museums, Libraries & Archives Council said:

 “The Portable Antiquities Scheme is a vital component of the MLA’s “Renaissance in the Regions” programme to promote excellence in England’s regional museums. We are delighted to be working closely with the British Museum and we are committed to the future success of the PAS at the heart of Renaissance. In particular, we recognise that finds from all over the country make an exciting and vivid complementary connection with existing collections. The public are readily engaged in the stories and all ages relish the significance for identity and for local places. People have responded with great enthusiasm to the recent exceptional discoveries; there have been long queues to view a selection of pieces in Birmingham and a positive start has already been made on raising funds to purchase the hoard from the Crown and later to interpret the items in their proper context in the West Midlands. The PAS has had another highly successful year; the MLA congratulates the many people who make it work so well.”

Regional minister, Ian Austin, said:

“I’m extremely pleased with the pace and commitment that the West Midlands is showing in working together to secure and support this unique find for the region.In the short time that the hoard has already been on display in Birmingham, it has harnessed an extraordinary emotional response from people in the region. The Staffordshire Hoard has the potential to play a huge role in the region’s economy and heritage; attracting people from around the world to Staffordshire, Birmingham and the wider region”.

For further information or images please contact Hannah Boulton or Esme Wilson on 020 7323 8522 / 8394 or communications@britishmuseum.org

FINDS IN THE REPORT

The Staffordshire Hoard will feature in the Portable Antiquities & Treasure Annual Report 2009. The current report outlines some of the finds recorded in 2007 including:

Cat. no. 101) Roman copper-alloy figurine of Cautopates. Date: c. AD 43-c.410. Found by Chris Hall at Newton Kyme cum Toulson, North Yorkshire, and recorded by Amy Copper (South & West Yorkshire FLO). Cautoplates was one of the attendants of the Roman God Mithras, whose Cult (Mithraism) was popular with Roman soldiers stationed in Britain. Mithras’ attendants, Cautes and Cautopates, represented opposing attributes of light and dark, or life and death. Despite the popularity of Mithraism very few metallic votive items and this figurine remains unparalleled.

Cat. no. 135) Roman gold lamella (sheet). Dates: c. AD 200-c.400. Found by David Livingstone in South Oxfordshire and reported to Fi Hitchcock (then Treasure Registrar). A Roman amulet with 16 lines of incised text, including ‘magical’ characters and an inscription in Greek to the ‘holy names’ to protect a woman called Fabia, the daughter of Terentia. It is apparently a charm to ensure safe childbirth. When found the object was tightly rolled, and is thought to have been a votive deposit. This is the third such amulet found in Britain, though lamella fragments are also known, and provides an insight to Roman religion in the third and fourth centuries. Acquired by the British Museum.

Cat. no. 217) Viking hoard. Date: deposited in c.AD 928. Found by Andrew and David Whelan in the Vale of York, North Yorkshire, and reported to Amy Cooper (South & West Yorkshire FLO). A Carolingian silver-gilt vessel containing gold and silver objects and 617 silver coins; some objects were found outside the cup. The cup is decorated with six roundels containing running animals in front of a tree or bush; apparently a hunting scene and probably represents Viking loot from a church or monastery in the northern Frankish Empire in the 9th century. The coins are a mix of Anglo-Saxon, Anglo-Scandinavian, Islamic and Carolingian types, and they allow an unusually close date for the deposition of the hoard. Acquired jointly by the British Museum and York Museums Trust.

Cat. no. 285) Medieval silver piedfort. Date: mid 1350s. Found by Mark Stonard at West Clandon, Surrey, and recorded by David Williams (Surrey FLO). It is uncertain what piedforts are, but it has been suggested they are pattern coins, guides for mint workers, or – more likely – reckoning counters for officials. This one, modelled on a coin struck in the name of Edward III as Duke of Aquitaine (1325-62), is the first to be reported under the Treasure Act, and is the third known. The British Museum has acquired.

Cat. no. 414) Post-Medieval lead figurine of Tom Molineaux. Date: c.1800-25. Found by Dorothy Hewison at Ryde, Isle of Wight, and recorded by Frank Basford (Isle of Wight FLO). Tom Molineaux (1784-1818) was born a slave on a plantation in Virginia, USA and boxed against fellow slaves whilst plantation owners wagered on the contests. After winning one of these contests his owner, Algernon Molineaux, gave him his freedom and $500. By 1909 Molineaux was boxing in New York and subsequently fought in England, boxing against English champion Tom Cribb in 1810 and 1811, and after which he became a celebrity.

Notes to Editors:

1. All finders of gold and silver objects, and groups of coins from the same finds, over 300 years old, have a legal obligation to report such items under the Treasure Act 1996. Prehistoric base-metal assemblages found after 1 January 2003 also qualify as Treasure. Treasure finds must be reported by law to the local coroner, which is normally done through the finders local PAS Finds Liaison Officer. The Treasure Process is administered by the British Museum. More information is available on www.culture.gov.uk or www.finds.org.uk

2. The Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) is a voluntary scheme managed by the British Museum on behalf of the Museums Libraries and Archives Council (MLA) to record archaeological objects (not necessarily ‘Treasure’) found by members of the public in England and Wales. Every year many thousands of objects are discovered, many of these by metal-detector users, but also by people whilst out walking, gardening or going about their daily work. Such discoveries offer an important source for understanding our past. More information can be found on www.finds.org.uk

3. Renaissance is the MLA’s ground-breaking programme to transform England’s regional museums. Central government funding is enabling regional museums across the country to raise their standards and deliver real results in support of education, learning, community development and economic regeneration. The programme has received £300million since 2002, helping to make museums great centres of life and learning, which people want to visit.

4. Leading strategically, the MLA promotes best practice in museums, libraries and archives, to inspire innovative, integrated and sustainable services for all. Visit www.mla.gov.uk

 

The combined report can be downloaded at: http://www.finds.org.uk/documents/ar/Report.pdf (15MB) or in sections at:

http://www.finds.org.uk/documents/ar/AR2007_pg1_165.pdf – part 1 (1.6MB)
http://www.finds.org.uk/documents/ar/AR2007_pg166_289.pdf – part 2 (2.3MB)
http://www.finds.org.uk/documents/ar/AR2007_pg290_361.pdf – part 3 (2.3MB)
http://www.finds.org.uk/documents/ar/AR2007_pg362_413.pdf – part 4 (1.8MB)
http://www.finds.org.uk/documents/ar/AR2007_pg414_434.pdf – part 5 (1.5MB)

The Staffordshire Hoard

Thursday, September 24, 2009 11:59am on Portable Antiquities Blog

As a deliberately late posting to try and save this server from going off line, what follows below has already featured on the hoard’s dedicated website which can be viewed at http://www.staffordshirehoard.org.uk and the image feed is at http://www.flickr.com/photos/finds/

The Staffordshire Hoard is an unparalleled treasure find dating from Anglo-Saxon times. Both the quality and quantity of this unique treasure are remarkable. The story of how it came to be left in the Staffordshire soil is likely to be more remarkable still.

The Hoard was first discovered in July 2009. The find is likely to spark decades of debate among archaeologists, historians and enthusiasts.

Leslie Webster, Former Keeper, Department of Prehistory and Europe,
British Museum, has already said:

This is going to alter our perceptions of Anglo-Saxon England… as
radically, if not more so, as the Sutton Hoo discoveries.
Absolutely the equivalent of finding a new Lindisfarne Gospels or Book
of Kells.

The Hoard

The Hoard comprises in excess 1,500 individual items. Most are gold, although some are silver. Many are decorated with precious stones.
The quality of the craftsmanship displayed on many items is supreme, indicating possible royal ownership.

Custom Name GOLD PR Images 7386

Stylistically most items appear to date from the seventh century, although there is already debate among experts about when the Hoard first entered the ground.

This was a period of great turmoil. England did not yet exist. A number of kingdoms with tribal loyalties vied with each other in a state of semi-perpetual warfare, with the balance of power constantly ebbing and flowing.

England was also split along religious lines. Christianity, introduced during the Roman occupation then driven to near extinction, was once again the principal religion across most of England

The exact spot where the Hoard lay hidden for a millennium and a half cannot yet be revealed. However we can say that it lay at the heart of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Mercia. There is
approximately 5 kg of gold and 1.3 kg of silver (Sutton Hoo had 1.66kg of gold).

The hoard was reported to Duncan Slarke, Finds Liaison Officer with the Portable Antiquities Scheme. With the assistance of the finder, the find-spot has been excavated by archaeologists from Staffordshire County Council, lead by Ian Wykes and Steven Dean, and a team from Birmingham Archaeology, project managed by Bob Burrows and funded by English Heritage. The hoard has been examined at Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery by Dr Kevin Leahy, National Finds Adviser with the Portable Antiquities Scheme.

The Coroner for South Staffordshire, Andrew Haigh, is today (24th September 2009) holding an inquest on the find to decide whether it is treasure under the Treasure Act 1996. If it is declared treasure, the find becomes the property of the Crown, and museums will have the opportunity to acquire it after it has been valued by the Treasure Valuation Committee. The Committee’s remit is to value all treasure finds at their full market value and the finder and landowner will divide the reward between them. Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, the Potteries Museum and Art Gallery in Stoke-on-Trent, and Staffordshire County Council wish to preserve the find for the West Midlands.

Sword hilt fittings

130 Fitting 3edit

The Hoard is remarkable for the extraordinary quantity of pommel caps and hilt plates. There have been 84 pommel caps and 71 sword hilt collars so far identified. These highly decorated items would have adorned a sword or seax – a short sword/knife. Most are of gold and many are beautifully inlaid with garnets. Such elaborate and expensive decoration would have marked out the weapon as the property of the highest echelons of nobility. The discovery of a single sword fitting is a notable event: to find so many together is absolutely unprecedented.

Helmets

An Anglo-Saxon helmet cheek piece

Parts from several highly decorated helmets are likely to be among the finds, although piecing these together is likely to take considerable time and effort. Among the most conspicuous is what appears to be a magnificently decorated cheek-piece decorated with a frieze of running, interlaced, animals. Interestingly, this piece has a relatively low gold content. This may be the result of being specially alloyed to make it more functional and able to withstand blows.

A beautiful figure of an animal is also possibly the crest of a helmet. Large numbers of fragments of “C” sectioned silver edging and reeded strips could also be helmet fittings. Similar fragments, made from base metal, formed part of the Sutton Hoo helmet, found in a rich grave in Suffolk, in 1939.

Biblical inscription

Strip

A strip of gold bearing a Biblical inscription in Latin is one of the most significant and controversial finds. Michelle Brown, Professor of Medieval Manuscript Studies, has suggested the style of lettering dates from the seventh or early eighth centuries. The relatively crude lettering may have been the work of someone more used to writing on wax tablets.

The suitably warlike inscription, mis-spelt in places, is probably from the Book of Numbers Ch. 10 v 35 and reads:

Surge domine et dissipentur inimici tui et fugiant qui oderunt te a facie tua ~ “Rise up, o Lord, and may thy enemies be dispersed and those who hate thee be driven from thy face”
Early Medieval folded cross

The folded cross

The only items that are clearly non-martial are two, or possibly three, crosses. The largest may have been an altar or processional cross. Other than the loss of the settings used to decorate it (some of which are present but detached) it is intact. However it has been folded, possibly to make it fit into a small space prior to burial. This lack of apparent respect shown to this Christian symbol may point to the Hoard being buried by pagans, but Christians were also quite capable of despoiling each other’s shrines.

Recent discovery of a Roman Coin Hoard in the Shrewsbury Area

Monday, September 07, 2009 10:07am on Portable Antiquities Blog

Peter Reavill with the coin hoardA very large and important find of a hoard of Roman coins was recently discovered by a novice metal detector user in the Shrewsbury area. This is probably one of the largest coin hoards ever discovered in Shropshire. The finder, Mr Nic. Davies, bought his first metal detector a month ago and this is his first find made with it. The hoard was discovered close to a public bridleway on land that Mr Davies did not have permission to detect on. All land is owned by someone and it is important that permission to search is obtained in advance. The coins were placed in a very large storage jar which had been buried in the ground around 1700 years ago. They had lain undisturbed since then waiting for someone to find them again.

Mr Davies, excavated the hoard and brought all his finds to Peter Reavill, Finds Liaison Officer for the Portable Antiquities Scheme based with Shropshire Council Museum Service. Hoard’s such as this are covered by the Treasure Act, being more than 10 coins of less than 10% precious metal which have been deliberately hidden. By law all finds which represent Treasure must be reported to HM Coroner. The hoard of coins will be taken to the British Museum for detailed conservation and full identification, a report will be sent to the Coroner and it is hoped that the museum service will acquire them to be displayed in the New Museum planned for the Music Hall, in Shrewsbury.

From a brief look at the hoard there seems to be a minimum of 10,000 coins; the majority of which are corroded together in the pot. The finder did not touch the coins from within the pot and this will mean that staff at the British Museum will be able to excavate the coins carefully. This will enable them to know whether the coins were placed in the pot all at the same time, or were added to piecemeal over time. The coins are all bronze (copper alloy), and some of them have been silver washed. They are known as nummi (which just means coin) and were common during the 4th century AD. From the coins which have been provisionally identified they seem to date from the period 320 – 340 AD, late in the reign of Constantine I and the House of Constantine. Amongst the coins are issues celebrating the anniversary of the founding of Rome and Constantinople. In total the coins and the pot weigh in excess of 70 lbs. The pottery vessel is very large and probably used in the domestic part of a farmhouse as a large storage jar. It does not seem to be locally made. It is very fine being extraordinarily thin.

The finder marked the findspot and subsequently took Peter Reavill and archaeologists from Shropshire Council to the findspot. A small excavation was undertaken with the hope of understanding how the coins were placed in the ground. This was a success and it seems most likely that the pot was buried in the ground probably part full and was subsequently topped up before a large stone was placed on top acting as a marker. The top of the pot had been broken in the ground and a large number of the coins spread in the area. All of these were recovered during the excavation with the help of a metal detector. This added at least another 300 coins to the total. We now know that there are no more coins (or another hoard) in the area. The coins within the hoard represent some of the most commonly found coins from Roman Britain; most metal detectorists will have one or two in their collection. The importance of this find is the sheer number, or material wealth they represent. It is likely that the hoard represents a person or communities wealth, possibly as a payment for a harvest. Why it was not collected by the owner is a mystery – but one that we can share and enjoy 1700 years after the fact.

“This is a very exciting find and probably the largest coin hoard, at least in modern times, to be recovered from the County.” says Emma-Kate Lanyon, Curator for Shropshire Council Museum Service.

“The Treasure Act and Portable Antiquities Scheme is now nearly 12 years old and has vastly increased our understanding of Shropshire’s past by bringing finds like this to the attention of archaeologists. It has also provided the museums with the opportunity to acquire these artefacts for future research and display. The Museum Service will acquire the hoard with the intention to display it in the new Shrewsbury Museum planned for the Music Hall site in Shrewsbury. ”

The coins will be taken to London for detailed study, a report will then be sent to the Coroner and the find will be valued by a Government panel. Thanks are extended to the Coroners Service, Shropshire Council, English Heritage and the British Museum all of who have contributed to this exciting find. For more information on the Treasure Act and the work of the Portable Antiquities Scheme either visit the website www.finds.org.uk, contact Peter Reavill on 01584 813641 or visit one of his regular finds days. If anyone has found Roman coins, or other finds I would be happy to see them – I have a finds day at the Guildhall, Newport (Shropshire) on Saturday 12th September between 11-2pm organised by Newport History Society.

Update on Scheme conference

Thursday, August 06, 2009 08:15am on Portable Antiquities Blog

This is just an update on our next conference, being held in September. We still have room for people to attend. If you would like to add your name to the list, please contact Michael Lewis (mlewis@britishmuseum.org).

RECORDING THE PAST: HOW DIFFERENT EUROPEAN COUNTRIES DEAL WITH PORTABLE ANTIQUITIES

MONDAY 7 SEPTEMBER 2009
BP LECTURE THEATRE, BRITISH MUSEUM

PROGRAMME

This conference aims to gain a wider understanding of how different European countries deal with portable antiquities (archaeological small finds) found by members of the public and promote best practice amongst finders. The key questions that speakers will address are: whether there is a legal requirement for finders of portable antiquities to report archaeological objects and whether the state claims ownership of them; whether it is permissible to search for such finds with a metal-detector or by other means; how many people (in that country) are known to search for archaeological objects (legally or not); how many objects are reported each year; and whether the systems in place (in that country) work as well as they could or whether improvements could be made. It is hoped the conference will help identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches adopted by countries across Europe, in order to draw conclusions as to how best to preserve an archaeological record of finds found, develop best practice, and find ways to educate the public about the importance of such finds for understanding the past.

09:30 Registration
09:45 Welcome: Neil MacGregor, Director, British Museum
10:00 Dr Roger Bland (British Museum, London), The English and Welsh approach to portable antiquities: a perfect system or fundamentally flawed?
10:30 Dr Alan Saville (National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh), Little and large: portable antiquities and treasure trove in Scotland
11:00 Dr Cormac Bourke (Ulster Museum, Belfast), Found objects: the Northern Ireland experience
11:30 Coffee
12:00 Dr Eamonn P Kelly (National Museum, Dublin), Portable antiquities in the Republic of Ireland
12:30 Dr Johan Nicolay (University of Groningen), Metal detection in the Netherlands: the law and reality
13:00 Lunch (not provided)
14:00 Dr Martin Segschneider (Archäologisches Landesamt, Schleswig Holstein), Methods of cooperation with metal detectorists in Schleswig-Holstein – first results and experiences
14:30 Dr Mogens Bo Henrikson (Odense Museum), Detectors and Danefæ in Denmark
15:00 Dr Andrej Gaspari (Military Museum of Slovenian Armed Forces, Ljubljana), Purchase, compensation or reward? Abolition scheme for the illegally excavated archaeological artefacts between law and practice (experience from the Republic of Slovenia).
15:30 Coffee
16:00 Gábor Lassányi (Aquincum Museum), Metal detecting and the antiquities law in Hungary.
16:30 Prof Aleksander Bursche and Mr Maricn Rudnicki (Instytut Archeologii, Uniwersytet Warszawski), Metal Detecting in Poland – law and reality.
17:00 Discussion
17:30 Close

Bookings: please send a cheque for £15 payable and your contact details to The British Museum to Michael Lewis, Department of Portable Antiquities & Treasure, The British Museum, Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG. Tel: 0207 323 8611.

Festival of British Archaeology events

Friday, July 17, 2009 10:13am on Portable Antiquities Blog

The Portable Antiquities Scheme is running a wide variety of events to coincide by the CBA’s “Festival of British Archaeology”. These range from finds identification days to Young Archaeologist Club sessions. To find out more about our events, please view the attached PDF, or visit the CBA’s dedicated site for the festival.

If you get involved with social media, perhaps you could tag your media with #FBA2009?

Event calendar

Doctor’s bequest to St Agnes Museum leads to discovery of unique Roman gold coin found in the parish

Wednesday, July 08, 2009 06:02am on Portable Antiquities Blog

Gold coin of Julian from St AgnesWhen Clare Murton, a volunteer at St Agnes Museum, was sorting through the large amount of material that had been given to the Museum by the family of Dr Whitworth, one of five generations of doctors in general practice in St Agnes, she came upon a piece of paper which had a sealing wax impression of a Roman coin, together with the following account written by Dr Whitworth in 1910: ‘In 1910 Mrs John Tonkin of Carn Golla picked up in a field recently enclosed from the Common, which had just been scuffed or harrowed, a Roman gold coin the size of a half-sovereign, bright and in perfect preservation …’

Clare sent an image of the impression to the British Museum to ask if they could identify the coin and her message reached Roger Bland of the Department of Portable Antiquities & Treasure. He was very excited by it as he recognised it as an impression of a gold coin of the Roman emperor Julian (AD 360-63) which was known to have been found at St Agnes in 1910, although the coin itself had long since been lost and no detailed description of it survived. The coin proved in fact to be a new variety minted at Lyon in France between AD 361 and 363.
St Agnes Roman gold coin and seal impressions
Even more intriguingly, Roger was able to link this discovery with the record of another find of Roman gold coin of Valentinian I, emperor immediately after Julian, between AD 364 and 375, which was recorded as having been found at St Agnes in 1680. It would be a great coincidence for two coins made nearly at the same time to have been lost by accident in the same area and it is more likely that the two coins were buried together and so form a hoard.

Through the skill of the British Museum’s Facsimile Technician, Mike Neilson, it has been possible to make an electrotype copy of the coin and Roger Bland presented that to St Agnes Museum today.

Roger Bland said: “I am very grateful to St Agnes Museum for showing us this seal impression of a gold coin of Julian and am delighted to be able to present an electrotype replica of the coin to the Museum as part of the work that the British Museum’s partnership with other museums in Britain. The discovery of the seal impression of this coin among the papers of Dr Whitworth makes a fascinating story: not only is this coin a hitherto unpublished variety, but Roman gold coins are very rare finds from Britain: only 9 others are known from Cornwall and fewer than 700 from the whole country, so this is a doubly interesting find.”

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